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FREE eBook, Developing Fine Motor Skills. 116 page activity book including dot-2-dot, paper & pipecleaner crafts, cutting, pasting & tracing activities. Resources and ideas for teachers/parents. Click on the thumbnail for download instructions.
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Developing Fine Motor Skills in Children
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Fine motor skills can be defined as coordination of small muscle movements which
occur e.g., in the fingers, usually in coordination with the eyes. In application to motor
skills of hands (and fingers) the term dexterity is commonly used.
The abilities which involve the use of hands, develop over time, starting with primitive
gestures such as grabbing at objects to more precise activities that involve precise
hand-eye coordination. Fine motor skills are skills that involve a refined use of the small
muscles controlling the hand, fingers, and thumb. The development of these skills
allows one to be able to complete tasks such as writing, drawing, and buttoning.
During the infant and toddler years, children develop basic grasping and manipulation skills, which are refined during the preschool years. The preschooler becomes quite adept in self-help, construction, holding grips, and bimanual control tasks requiring the use of both hands.
– Essa, E., Young, R. & Lehne, L., Introduction to early childhood education, 2nd Ed. (1998)
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When the child enters middle childhood they make great progress
in their artistic abilities. They begin to express themselves through
drawing, sculpting, and clay modelling.
- Manipulative materials
- Modified writing materials
- Positioning
The Difference between Gross Motor Skills & Fine Motor Skills
A motor skill is a skill that requires an organism to utilise their skeletal muscles effectively in a goal
directed manner. Motor skills and motor control depend upon the proper functioning of the brain,
skeleton, joints, and nervous system. Most motor skills are learnt throughout the lifespan and can
be affected by disabilities. Motor development is the development of action and coordination of
one's limbs, as well as the development of strength, posture control, balance, and perceptual skills.
Motor skills are divided into two parts:
Gross motor skills include lifting one's head, rolling over, sitting up, balancing, crawling, and
walking. Gross motor development usually follows a pattern. Generally large muscles develop
before smaller ones. Thus, gross motor development is the foundation for developing skills in other
areas (such as fine motor skills). Development also generally moves from top to bottom. The first
thing a baby usually learns is to control is it eyes.
Fine motor skills include the ability to manipulate small objects, transfer objects from hand to
hand, and various hand-eye coordination tasks. Fine motor skills may involve the use of very
precise motor movement in order to achieve an especially delicate task. Some examples of fine
motor skills are using the pincer grasp (thumb and forefinger) to pick up small objects, cutting,
colouring and writing, and threading beads. Fine motor development refers to the development
of skills involving the smaller muscle groups.
Fine Motor Disabilities negatively impact a child's performance in school but have no bearing on
their intellectual ability. It strictly speaks to an individual’s struggle to control the small muscles in
their hand as they write. Since communication in the form of writing is important and still heavily
relied upon in our society and schools, kids with this disability face a variety of obstacles. Simply
writing their name is not only time consuming, it may also end up illegible. To make their work
legible, these individuals must exert a great deal of focus and energy which leaves very little left
over for concentrating on what they are writing about.
Developing Fine Motor Skills. 170 A4-page activity book including dot-2-dot, paper & pipecleaner crafts, lacing, cutting, pasting & tracing activities. Resources and ideas for teachers/parents. Click on the thumbnail to purchase.
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For a wide selection of Free Fine & Gross Motor Skills Activity Books & Printables, please visit this link
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Spatial thinking is a cognitive skill that can be used in everyday life, the workplace,
and science to structure problems, find answers, and express solutions using the
properties of space. It can be learned and taught formally to students using
appropriately designed tools, technologies, and curricula. This report explains the
nature and functions of spatial thinking and shows how spatial thinking can be
supported across the K-12 curriculum through the development of appropriate
support systems. A geographic information system (GIS) is an example of a support
system that, with recommended redesigns, can foster spatial thinking across the
curriculum. The report calls for a national initiative to integrate spatial thinking into
existing standards-based instruction across the school curriculum such as in
mathematics, history, and science classes; it does not require the development of a
new, separate course focusing solely on spatial thinking. The goal of this initiative is to
create a generation of students who learn to think spatially in an informed way.