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Giraffe
Conservation Status: Conservation Dependent
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The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is an African even-toed ungulate mammal, the
tallest of all land-living animal species. Males can be 4.8 to 5.5 metres (16 to 18
feet) tall and weigh up to 1,360 kilograms (3,000 pounds). The record-sized bull was
5.87 m (19.2 feet) tall and weighed approximately 2,000 kg (4,400 lbs.).[2] Females
are generally slightly shorter and weigh less than the males do.
The giraffe is related to deer and cattle, but is placed in a separate family, the
Giraffidae, consisting only of the giraffe and its closest relative, the okapi. Its range
extends from Chad to South Africa.
Giraffes can inhabit savannas, grasslands, or open woodlands. They prefer areas
enriched with Acacia growth. They often drink, and as a result, they can spend long
periods of time in dry, arid areas. When searching for more food they will venture
into areas with denser foliage.
Giraffe gestation lasts between 14 and 15 months, after which a single calf is born.
The mother gives birth standing up and the embryonic sack usually bursts when the
baby falls to the ground. Newborn giraffes are about 1.8 metres tall. Within a few
hours of being born, calves can run around and are indistinguishable from a
week-old calf; however, for the first two weeks, they spend most of their time lying
down, guarded by the mother. The young can fall prey to lions, leopards, hyenas,
and African Wild Dogs. It has been speculated that their characteristic spotted
pattern provides a certain degree of camouflage. Only 25 to 50% of giraffe calves
reach adulthood; the life expectancy is between 20 and 25 years in the wild and 28
years in captivity.
males often engage in necking, which has been described as having various
functions. One of these is combat. These battles can be fatal, but are more often
less severe. The longer a neck is, and the heavier the head at the end of the neck,
the greater force a giraffe will be able to deliver in a blow. It has also been
observed that males that are successful in necking have greater access to estrous
females, so that the length of the neck may be a product of sexual selection.
After a necking duel, a giraffe can land a powerful blow with his head occasionally
knocking a male opponent to the ground. These fights rarely last more than a few
minutes or end in physical harm.




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